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Commentary

Building Europe’s “drone wall”: Embracing and scaling cheap defensive technologies

Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine has made drone warfare a defining feature of modern conflict. Yet NATO and EU states continue to rely on interceptor systems that cost orders of magnitude more than the drones they are meant to destroy. Drawing on lessons from Ukraine’s battlefield experience, Gabriella Calder argues that European allies must urgently scale up affordable, interoperable counter-drone technologies, or risk exhausting their arsenals before deterrence can take hold.

16 December 2025 | Gabriella Calder
Russia-WestRussia-West relationsAir spaceDefenceDeterrenceEmerging technologiesEuropeNATORussiaUkraine
Commentary

Violations of NATO airspace: How to restore deterrence

The recent violations of Allied airspace represent an unprecedented escalation of tensions between NATO and Russia. Matus Halas writes that NATO must try to protect its airspace against unauthorised activities, but the inconsistency of approach within NATO makes deterrence harder. While different incursions must be treated differently, there needs to be consistency both over time and across member states.

22 October 2025 | Matus Halas
Russia-West relationsAir spaceDeterrenceEuropeNATORussia
Report

Open Skies in the Arctic: Challenges and Opportunities

Both Russia and NATO member states are increasing their military presence and activities in the Arctic, and threat perceptions on both sides are intensifying, write Katarina Kertysova and Dr. Alexander Graef. Cooperative aerial observation, which lies at the heart of the Open Skies Treaty, has a useful role to play in mitigating military security risks and addressing environmental challenges in the region.

20 May 2021 | Katarina Kertysova and Alexander Graef
Euro-Atlantic SecurityAir spaceArcticOpen Skies TreatyYGLN