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Page 5 of 21
Policy brief

Weathering the storm: A scenario-based approach to strengthening the NPT

At a moment where the risk of use of nuclear weapons remains dangerously elevated, the PrepComs leading up to the next NPT Review Conference present an opportunity for states parties to begin establishing and advancing an agenda to reduce nuclear risks. Using a scenario-based approach, this policy brief takes stock of current geopolitical dynamics and their implications for the long-term health of the NPT and its review process.

11 December 2023
Global SecurityArms ControlNPTNPTProjectNuclear Arms ControlNuclear SecurityNuclear Weapons
Report

Countering Russia’s hybrid threats in the Arctic

This report explores how hybrid threats manifest in the Arctic, areas that are susceptible to influence, potential targets, actors who wish to shape public opinions, as well as the objectives being pursued. Kertysova and Gricius examine the threat and vulnerability landscape in the Arctic and assesses four key trends that have been observed.

8 December 2023 | Katarina Kertysova and Gabriella Gricius
Euro-Atlantic SecurityArcticHybrid warfareRussiaRussia-West Relations
Policy brief

Resisting the risks of nuclear mission creep: UK deterrence and emerging strategic threats

In recent years the US and the UK have said they might deter threats arising from emerging and disruptive technologies (EDTs) with nuclear weapons. This policy shift signals an increased emphasis on nuclear deterrence and challenges the UK’s non-proliferation and disarmament commitments. Instead of aiming to deter the extreme use of EDTs with nuclear weapons, this policy brief argues that the UK and other nuclear weapons states should focus on developing their national resilience to mitigate threats.

8 December 2023 | Julia Berghofer
JRCTGlobal SecurityDeterrenceEmerging technologiesNuclear SecurityNuclear WeaponsUnited Kingdom
Report

French thinking on AI integration and interaction with nuclear command and control, force structure, and decision-making

Héloïse Fayet analyses the French literature on France’s perception of military AI, especially its consequences on strategic systems and competition, and nuclear deterrence. Fayet offers practical recommendations for France both domestically and internationally.

13 November 2023 | Héloïse Fayet
Global SecurityEmerging technologiesFranceNuclear SecurityNuclear Weapons
Report

UK thinking on AI integration and interaction with nuclear command and control, force structure, and decision-making

Alice Saltini analyses the British literature on the UK’s perception of military and nuclear applications of AI and their impact on strategic stability and NC3. The paper offers recommendations for unilateral measures that the UK can take, as well as multilateral initiatives within the P5 framework, to address the risks associated with AI in nuclear decision-making

13 November 2023 | Alice Saltini
Global SecurityEmerging technologiesNuclear SecurityNuclear WeaponsUnited Kingdom
Report

Chinese thinking on AI integration and interaction with nuclear command and control, force structure, and decision-making

Fei Su and Jingdong Yuan analyse Chinese-language literature to present Chinese perspectives on AI and its military applications. The paper offers recommendations to mitigate the risks associated with the military use of AI in nuclear C2 systems, particularly focusing on the steps that China could consider to enhance its practices.

13 November 2023 | Fei Su and Dr Jingdong Yuan
Global SecurityChinaEmerging technologiesNuclear SecurityNuclear Weapons
Report

AI and nuclear command, control and communications: P5 perspectives

The nuclear-weapons states China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom, and the United States are increasingly recognising the implications of integrating AI into nuclear weapons command, control, and communication systems. Exploring the risks inherent to today’s advanced AI systems, this report sheds light on characteristics and risks across different branches of this technology and establishes the basis for a general purpose risk assessment framework.

13 November 2023 | Alice Saltini
Global SecurityEmerging technologiesNuclear SecurityNuclear Weapons
Policy brief

The inadmissibility of nuclear threats within the NPT regime

Ahead of the 2023 NPT Preparatory Committee, this policy brief examines how nuclear threats have changed with Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine, how to define a ‘nuclear threat’, and how NPT member states should react to nuclear threats. It sets out recommendations for how State Parties can strengthen the NPT and the nuclear taboo in the current Review Cycle.

27 July 2023
NPTGlobal SecurityArms ControlNPTNPTProjectNuclear Arms ControlNuclear SecurityNuclear WeaponsRisk ReductionRussiaSecurityUkraine